TD HRV Parameters Deviation from the GT Estimated from the Noisy and Reconstructed Series (The values are in percentage deviation except for the RR50 and PRR50 that is in Mean Absolute Deviation)
P D Noisy/Reconstructed Time domain
RMSSD MeanRR SDRR MaxRR MinRR MeanHR SDHR MinHR MaxHR RR50 PRR50
10% 1 Noisy (σ = 1) 1.91 × 103 2.18 567.09 268.46 100.00 2.11 1.87 × 108 71.63 5.95 × 107 45.36 6.42
CSI 18.58 0.15 11.10 7.59 11.09 0.15 34.86 27.96 34.25 6.46 0.96
GP (Linear) 468.64 3.19 189.30 10.78 91.57 3.30 2.23 × 103 9.10 1.41 × 103 24.55 3.45
GP (Periodic) 8.56 0.08 4.30 0.13 0.11 0.08 4.31 0.14 0.11 4.42 0.66
GP (Brownian) 3.75 0.05 2.08 0.13 0.11 0.05 2.06 0.14 0.11 1.88 0.29
GP (Exponential) 4.96 0.04 1.15 0.13 0.11 0.04 1.14 0.14 0.11 2.54 0.40
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 3.80 / 4.04 0.04 / 0.04 1.03 / 1.08 0.18 / 0.14 0.14 / 0.13 0.04 / 0.04 0.99 / 1.05 0.18 / 0.14 0.14 / 0.13 1.97 / 1.92 0.31 / 0.30
GP (RBF / RQ) 3.05 / 4.69 0.05 / 0.04 1.16 / 1.17 0.14 / 0.14 0.19 / 0.11 0.05 / 0.04 1.14 / 1.16 0.15 / 0.14 0.20 / 0.10 1.58 / 2.38 0.25 / 0.37
3 Noisy (σ =1) 1.93 × 103 2.27 577.14 272.40 100.00 2.20 1.88 × 108 71.88 5.95 × 107 37.70 5.34
CSI 42.22 0.51 53.03 26.57 41.64 0.51 460.30 493.04 351.39 9.29 1.38
GP (Linear) 284.50 3.27 188.69 8.43 86.02 3.39 1.95 × 103 7.17 989.64 9.97 1.39
GP (Periodic) 3.17 0.12 4.27 0.12 0.13 0.12 4.29 0.13 0.13 2.07 0.31
GP (Brownian) 4.53 0.08 2.29 0.12 0.13 0.08 2.30 0.13 0.13 2.17 0.34
GP (Exponential) 5.20 0.07 1.59 0.12 0.13 0.07 1.60 0.13 0.13 2.52 0.40
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 3.99 / 4.31 0.08 / 0.08 1.60 / 1.56 0.27 / 0.24 0.31 / 0.47 0.08 / 0.08 1.58 / 1.63 0.26 / 0.24 0.33 / 0.51 2.23 / 2.10 0.35 / 0.33
GP (RBF / RQ) 3.68 / 5.02 0.09 / 0.07 1.69 / 1.79 0.23 / 0.12 0.79 /0.13b> 0.09 / 0.07 2.01 / 1.81 0.22 /0.13 1.15 /0.13 1.94 / 2.47 0.30 / 0.39
5 Noisy (σ = 1) 1.92 × 103 2.28 579.03 271.80 100.00 2.21 1.90 × 108 71.93 5.95 × 107 36.12 5.12
CSI 67.00 1.05 122.38 51.05 77.09 1.04 2.50 × 103 2420.67 2.14 × 103 11.63 1.72
GP (Linear) 221.66 3.31 186.92 7.29 81.63 3.44 1.76 × 103 6.21 799.91 6.57 0.92
GP (Periodic) 2.66 0.13 4.29 0.14 0.16 0.13 4.30 0.15 0.15 1.73 0.27
GP (Brownian) 4.81 0.11 2.29 0.14 0.16 0.11 2.29 0.15 0.15 2.25 0.35
GP (Exponential) 5.27 0.10 1.73 0.14 0.16 0.10 1.73 0.15 0.15 2.37 0.37
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 4.09 / 4.25 0.12 / 0.13 2.30 / 2.52 0.40 / 0.44 0.60 / 1.17 0.12 / 0.13 2.34 / 2.89 0.39 / 0.41 0.63 / 1.41 2.22 / 2.05 0.35 / 0.32
GP (RBF / RQ) 3.63 / 5.13 0.15 / 0.09 3.69 / 2.09 0.69 / 0.14 2.55 / 0.16 0.15 / 0.09 18.89 / 2.11 46.17 / 0.15 5.90 / 0.15 1.95 / 2.36 0.30 / 0.37
7 Noisy (σ =1) 1.95 × 103 2.34 588.58 274.02 100.00 2.27 1.92 × 108 72.09 5.95 × 107 35.63 5.05
CSI 89.49 1.83 215.36 77.17 113.20 1.83 6.17 × 103 6.33 × 103 4.08 × 103 13.57 2.00
GP (Linear) 183.19 3.44 188.04 6.14 77.68 3.59 1.68 × 103 5.26 694.97 4.82 0.67
GP (Periodic) 2.83 0.15 4.26 0.16 0.14 0.15 4.26 0.17 0.14 1.71 0.26
GP (Brownian) 5.03 0.12 2.30 0.16 0.13 0.12 2.30 0.17 0.13 2.25 0.35
GP (Exponential) 5.36 0.12 1.85 0.16 0.13 0.12 1.84 0.17 0.13 2.31 0.36
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 4.27 / 4.23 0.17 / 0.19 3.20 / 4.15 0.49 / 0.57 1.09 / 2.41 0.17 / 0.19 3.46 / 5.63 0.47 / 0.54 1.22 / 3.24 2.20 / 2.02 0.34 /0.31
GP (RBF / RQ) 3.60 / 5.24 0.25 / 0.11 7.78 / 2.33 1.42 / 0.16 6.25 / 0.13 0.25 / 0.11 39.55 / 2.34 34.20 / 0.17 28.37 / 0.12 2.03 / 2.30 0.32 / 0.36
Variable Duration Noisy (σ =1) 1.95 × 103 2.30 583.21 271.60 100.00 2.22 1.91 × 108 71.88 5.95 × 107 37.05 5.26
CSI 65.79 1.25 138.73 52.34 81.88 1.26 2.32 × 103 2.20 × 103 1.95 × 103 11.55 1.70
GP (Linear) 225.82 2.80 182.90 13.04 84.44 2.90 1.91 × 103 10.88 1.00 × 103 7.53 1.07
GP (Periodic) 2.60 0.13 4.28 0.12 0.18 0.13 4.36 0.13 0.17 1.83 0.28
GP (Brownian) 4.74 0.11 2.26 0.12 0.17 0.11 2.31 0.13 0.17 2.15 0.34
GP (Exponential) 5.24 0.10 1.70 0.12 0.17 0.10 1.75 0.13 0.17 2.37 0.37
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 4.09 / 4.23 0.13 / 0.14 2.55 / 2.70 0.38 / 0.41 0.84 / 1.38 0.13 / 0.14 2.74 / 3.18 0.36 / 0.39 0.93 / 1.71 2.15 / 2.02 0.34 / 0.31
GP (RBF / RQ) 3.62 / 5.09 0.18 / 0.10 4.81 / 2.07 0.90 / 0.13 3.91 / 0.17 0.18 / 0.10 11.33 / 2.13 6.47 / 0.13 10.58 / 0.16 1.83 / 2.33 0.28 / 0.36
20% 1 Noisy (σ = 1) 2.73 × 103 4.27 835.17 297.89 100.00 4.05 2.60 × 108 73.87 5.95 × 107 87.92 12.44
CSI 71.43 0.37 48.50 27.14 40.22 0.37 816.89 374.99 974.98 16.43 2.43
GP (Linear) 668.99 6.30 287.65 12.16 93.85 6.77 3.30 × 103 10.14 1.78 × 103 45.34 6.38
GP (Periodic) 14.75 0.12 8.76 0.23 0.25 0.12 8.79 0.24 0.24 8.06 1.20
GP (Brownian) 7.63 0.07 4.32 0.23 0.25 0.07 4.29 0.24 0.24 3.67 0.57
GP (Exponential) 10.21 0.06 2.33 0.23 0.25 0.06 2.32 0.24 0.24 4.96 0.78
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 7.58 / 8.14 0.07 / 0.06 1.95 / 2.22 0.36 / 0.24 0.39 / 0.28 0.07 / 0.06 1.90 / 2.18 0.36 / 0.25 0.39 / 0.27 3.74 /3.74 0.58 / 0.58
GP (RBF / RQ) 6.26 / 9.68 0.07 / 0.06 2.26 / 2.47 0.26 / 0.24 0.40 / 0.24 0.07 / 0.06 2.24 / 2.47 0.26 / 0.24 0.41 / 0.23 3.08 / 4.71 0.48 / 0.73
3 Noisy (σ = 1) 2.73 × 103 4.29 839.02 298.27 100.00 4.06 2.61 × 108 73.91 5.95 × 107 73.52 10.41
CSI 131.73 1.17 168.27 70.27 102.11 1.17 3.40 × 103 2.61 × 103 3.23 × 103 21.34 3.15
GP (Linear) 426.74 6.48 288.08 10.64 91.46 6.98 3.02 × 103 8.94 1.41 × 103 18.91 2.63
GP (Periodic) 5.39 0.17 8.71 0.29 0.28 0.17 8.73 0.30 0.27 3.55 0.54
GP (Brownian) 9.24 0.12 4.63 0.29 0.28 0.12 4.62 0.30 0.27 4.27 0.67
GP (Exponential) 10.65 0.11 3.06 0.29 0.28 0.11 3.05 0.30 0.27 4.92 0.77
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 7.82 / 8.85 0.13 / 0.13 3.16 / 2.81 0.64 / 0.39 0.86 / 0.90 0.13 / 0.13 3.20 / 3.04 0.62 / 0.39 0.96 / 1.06 4.30 / 4.23 0.67 / 0.66
GP (RBF / RQ) 7.49 / 10.29 0.14 / 0.10 3.43 / 3.64 0.59 / 0.29 1.91 / 0.28 0.14 / 0.10 4.28 / 3.66 0.78 / 0.30 2.87 / 0.27 3.73 / 4.85 0.58 / 0.76
5 Noisy (σ =1) 2.74 × 103 4.33 843.24 299.02 100.00 4.11 2.63 × 108 73.95 5.95 × 107 70.14 9.94
CSI 202.83 2.52 348.26 126.43 175.11 3.30 5831.40 6970.53 4036.82 25.42 3.75
GP (Linear) 337.77 6.50 285.22 9.54 89.28 7.01 2841.35 8.06 1210.47 12.33 1.72
GP (Periodic) 4.74 0.20 8.68 0.34 0.32 0.20 8.71 0.36 0.31 3.12 0.48
GP (Brownian) 9.96 0.15 4.54 0.34 0.32 0.15 4.55 0.36 0.31 4.46 0.70
GP (Exponential) 10.93 0.15 3.21 0.34 0.32 0.15 3.22 0.36 0.31 4.71 0.74
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 7.95 / 8.86 0.20 / 0.20 4.94 / 4.53 0.93 / 0.75 1.67 / 2.06 0.20 / 0.20 5.29 / 5.73 0.89 / 0.72 1.90 / 2.83 4.33 / 4.09 0.68 / 0.64
GP (RBF / RQ) 7.33 / 10.64 0.25 / 0.14 7.49 / 4.22 1.42 / 0.34 5.20 / 0.32 0.25 / 0.14 68.87 / 4.25 35.43 / 0.36 87.52 / 0.31 3.66 / 4.68 0.57 / 0.73
7 Noisy (σ =1) 2.75 × 103 4.41 849.36 301.85 100.00 4.17 2.64 × 108 74.15 5.95 × 107 68.46 9.70
CSI 233.91 3.95 514.21 162.84 229.54 4.11 1.65 × 104 2.81 × 104 7.66 × 103 28.73 4.22
GP (Linear) 281.57 6.63 285.84 8.62 87.28 7.17 2.69 × 103 7.27 1.07 × 103 9.09 1.27
GP (Periodic) 5.33 0.21 8.62 0.34 0.35 0.21 8.67 0.35 0.34 3.07 0.48
GP (Brownian) 10.28 0.18 4.38 0.32 0.32 0.18 4.41 0.33 0.31 4.41 0.69
GP (Exponential) 10.97 0.18 3.25 0.32 0.32 0.18 3.26 0.33 0.31 4.54 0.71
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 8.25 / 8.65 0.28 / 0.31 7.01 / 7.67 1.19 / 1.11 2.66 / 3.90 0.28 / 0.31 8.07 / 11.73 1.12 / 1.04 3.16 / 6.24 4.24 / 3.90 0.67 / 0.61
GP (RBF / RQ) 7.06 / 10.73 0.42 / 0.16 16.54 / 4.58 2.54 / 0.32 11.55 / 0.32 0.43 / 0.16 299.53 / 4.63 423.35 / 0.33 225.36 / 0.31 3.72 / 4.51 0.58 / 0.71
Variable Duration Noisy (σ =1) 2.75 × 103 4.38 844.86 300.03 100.00 4.14 2.62 × 108 74.02 5.95 × 107 71.74 10.18
CSI 157.21 2.40 311.51 104.07 158.00 2.43 1.40 × 104 1.49 × 104 1.02 × 104 24.47 3.59
GP (Linear) 347.81 5.29 282.64 17.83 91.23 5.63 3.08 × 103 14.64 1.53 × 103 14.73 2.10
GP (Periodic) 4.59 0.19 8.75 0.31 0.37 0.19 8.84 0.32 0.36 3.26 0.50
GP (Brownian) 9.83 0.16 4.50 0.30 0.37 0.16 4.56 0.31 0.35 4.36 0.68
GP (Exponential) 10.92 0.15 3.16 0.30 0.37 0.15 3.21 0.31 0.35 4.83 0.76
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 7.95 / 8.82 0.21 / 0.21 5.51 / 4.89 0.97 / 0.74 2.07 / 2.35 0.21 / 0.21 6.23 / 5.87 0.93 / 0.70 2.51 / 2.89 4.30 / 4.15 0.67 / 0.65
GP (RBF / RQ) 7.15 / 10.60 0.27 / 0.14 9.54 / 4.16 1.66 / 0.30 7.27 / 0.36 0.27 / 0.14 47.35 / 4.26 12.32 / 0.31 58.77 / 0.35 3.58 / 4.75 0.56 / 0.74
30% 1 Noisy (σ = 1) 3.36 × 103 6.32 1.04 × 103 315.79 100.00 5.86 3.14 × 108 75.06 5.96 × 107 128.39 18.18
CSI 2.43 × 104 4.73 6.97 × 103 2.32 × 103 2.51 × 103 1.55 7.60 × 103 7.58 × 103 1.93 × 103 34.07 4.94
GP (Linear) 804.38 9.56 359.03 12.19 94.76 10.68 4.10 × 103 10.12 2.01 × 103 62.38 8.80
GP (Periodic) 19.21 0.17 13.53 0.41 0.37 0.17 13.58 0.42 0.36 10.93 1.63
GP (Brownian) 11.84 0.10 6.76 0.41 0.37 0.10 6.72 0.42 0.36 5.32 0.83
GP (Exponential) 15.97 0.09 3.62 0.41 0.37 0.09 3.60 0.42 0.36 7.38 1.15
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 11.64/12.47 0.10/0.09 2.96/3.56 0.61/0.42 0.63/0.43 0.10/0.09 2.90/3.49 0.61/0.43 0.64/0.43 5.59/5.57 0.87/0.86
GP (RBF / RQ) 9.76/15.17 0.10/0.08 3.59/4.01 0.50/0.41 0.71/0.36 0.10/0.08 3.60/4.01 0.50/0.42 0.77/0.35 4.56/6.95 0.70/1.08
3 Noisy (σ =1) 3.37 × 103 6.34 1.05 × 103 316.91 100.00 5.87 3.15 × 108 75.14 5.95 × 107 109.01 15.43
CSI 532.42 3.43 589.67 197.31 345.50 4.35 8.55 × 103 5.69 × 103 7.58 × 103 36.82 5.38
GP (Linear) 530.13 9.75 359.09 11.09 93.27 10.92 3.85 × 103 9.27 1.68 × 103 27.06 3.77
GP (Periodic) 7.43 0.22 13.47 0.49 0.49 0.22 13.54 0.50 0.47 5.09 0.78
GP (Brownian) 14.34 0.15 7.10 0.49 0.49 0.15 7.11 0.50 0.47 6.35 1.00
GP (Exponential) 16.60 0.14 4.60 0.49 0.49 0.14 4.61 0.50 0.47 7.35 1.15
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 12.42 / 13.81 0.18 / 0.17 4.79 / 4.10 1.02 / 0.67 1.42 / 1.22 0.18 / 0.17 4.93 / 4.35 0.99 / 0.66 1.60 / 1.44 6.34 / 6.33 0.99 / 0.99
GP (RBF / RQ) 11.57 / 16.05 0.20 / 0.13 5.62 / 5.75 1.16 / 0.49 3.23 / 0.48 0.20 / 0.13 17.89 / 5.81 16.54 / 0.50 15.87 / 0.46 5.49 / 7.23 0.86 / 1.13
5 Noisy (σ =1) 3.36 × 103 6.49 1.05 × 103 315.81 100.00 6.01 3.16 × 108 75.02 5.95 × 107 103.79 14.69
CSI 489.79 5.17 781.71 262.62 362.43 5.88 1.08 × 104 9.20 × 103 8.87 × 103 41.48 6.08
GP (Linear) 426.60 9.84 357.19 10.31 92.14 11.05 3.65 × 103 8.66 1.50 × 103 17.78 2.48
GP (Periodic) 7.00 0.25 13.31 0.52 0.48 0.25 13.38 0.54 0.47 4.45 0.69
GP (Brownian) 15.40 0.20 6.89 0.52 0.48 0.20 6.92 0.54 0.46 6.72 1.05
GP (Exponential) 16.93 0.19 4.72 0.52 0.48 0.19 4.76 0.54 0.46 7.13 1.12
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 12.26 / 13.87 0.27 / 0.26 7.75 / 6.25 1.46 / 1.03 2.64 / 2.50 0.27 / 0.26 8.43 / 7.32 1.39 / 0.99 3.01 / 3.10 6.41 / 6.35 1.01 / 0.99
GP (RBF / RQ) 11.35 / 16.49 0.35 / 0.18 12.72 / 6.55 2.35 / 0.52 7.99 / 0.48 0.35 / 0.18 54.66 / 6.62 63.16 / 0.54 45.08 / 0.46 5.56 / 7.08 0.87 / 1.11
7 Noisy (σ = 1) 3.37 × 103 6.44 1.05 × 103 316.27 100.00 5.97 3.17 × 108 75.08 5.95 × 107 101.21 14.34
CSI 673.39 8.41 1.25 × 103 368.96 491.29 10.31 2.99 × 104 5.76 × 104 1.23 × 104 46.35 6.78
GP (Linear) 357.99 9.97 356.36 9.48 90.83 11.22 3.48 × 103 7.97 1.35 × 103 13.00 1.82
GP (Periodic) 8.15 0.27 13.22 0.57 0.58 0.27 13.31 0.59 0.59 4.34 0.68
GP (Brownian) 16.02 0.23 6.71 0.55 0.56 0.23 6.76 0.58 0.54 6.69 1.05
GP (Exponential) 17.13 0.23 4.75 0.55 0.56 0.23 4.80 0.58 0.54 6.89 1.08
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 12.33 / 13.65 0.39 / 0.38 12.13 / 10.75 1.93 / 1.53 4.44 / 4.83 0.39 / 0.38 14.49 / 16.38 1.80 / 1.45 5.44 / 8.54 6.33 / 6.02 0.99 / 0.94
GP (RBF / RQ) 11.00 / 16.75 0.60 / 0.21 25.82 / 7.12 3.62 / 0.55 16.44 / 0.56 0.61 / 0.21 457.36 / 7.23 704.64 / 0.57 237.38 / 0.53 5.44 / 6.85 0.85 / 1.07
Variable Duration Noisy (σ =1) 3.36 × 103 6.40 1.05 × 103 315.79 100.00 5.93 3.16 × 108 75.04 5.95 × 107 106.62 15.13
CSI 358.07 5.11 680.82 229.70 301.83 5.45 1.53 × 104 1.71 × 104 1.33 × 104 39.05 5.73
GP (Linear) 446.89 7.74 357.02 20.04 93.91 8.44 3.96 × 103 16.31 1.95 × 103 22.28 3.17
GP (Periodic) 6.47 0.24 13.38 0.48 0.63 0.24 13.55 0.50 0.60 4.66 0.72
GP (Brownian) 15.06 0.20 6.90 0.48 0.63 0.20 7.02 0.50 0.60 6.53 1.02
GP (Exponential) 16.86 0.19 4.63 0.48 0.63 0.19 4.75 0.50 0.60 7.24 1.14
GP (Matern 3/2 / 5/2) 12.34 / 13.74 0.27 / 0.25 7.86 / 6.12 1.36 / 0.96 2.81 / 2.67 0.27 / 0.25 9.01 / 7.18 1.30 / 0.93 3.49 / 3.23 6.31 / 6.24 0.99 / 0.97
GP (RBF / RQ) 11.07 / 16.37 0.35 / 0.18 14.21 / 6.38 2.19 / 0.48 9.79 / 0.62 0.36 / 0.18 103.02 / 6.56 25.94 / 0.50 151.63 / 0.60 5.26 / 7.12 0.82 / 1.12